- The ''Three-old'' Policy of Community Renewal in China: Based on Cases in the Pearl River Delta Region   1021 kb by    Li, Fengqing & Huang, Huang | lfqtjup@gmail.com    Short Outline This paper studies the community renewal under the “Three-old” policy since 2009 in the Pearl River Delta, which is widely considered as the origin of community engagement in China. Abstract Along with the “building life limit”, the “economical life limit” and the shortage of “newly increased construction land quota”, the Pearl River Delta (PRD) metropolitan area，a highly developed coastal area in south China, is now undergoing wide-ranged community renewals. In contrast to the dominant role in the general Chinese community renewal, the local governments in the PRD are quite weakened by the “recessive” land market due to the regional development process. Community renewals in this Region are widely considered as the origin of community engagement in China. To deal with the dilemma between insufficient construction land quota and rapid development, a regional policy named the “Three-old” policy was approved by the Chinese central government. As an experiment for land- intensive development in wide-ranged community renewals, this policy was first conducted in the PRD in 2009. According to the statistic data by 2013, such renewal projects have covered more than 2700 km² in the suburb and downtown area of this region. This paper aims to (1) evaluate the mechanism of the “Three-old” policy implementation; (2) improve the planning measures and management systems for the community renewal projects; (3) discuss about the possibility and obstacle for its wider range of applications in China. To achieve these goals, renewal cases from Guangzhou, Foshan and Shenzhen in the PRD are further studied by detail in this paper. According to the study, the “Three-old” policy is actually a compromise to the present land situation in this region, and a gradual reform within the framework of current national land law as well. Moreover, it also suggests a potential amendment of the land law for China in the future. Each implementable “Three-old” renewal project shall form a local development alliance in order to maximum mutual benefits of the stakeholders. Only by means of effective community engagement, which experiences conflict to consensus, planning measures and management systems adaptable to such alliance can be developed. References: [1] R. H. Coase. ''The Problem of Social Cost, '' Journal of Law and Economics, Vol. 3 (Oct. 1960), pp. 1-44. [2] Harold Demsetz. '' Toward a Theory of Property Rights, ''The American Economic Review, Vol. 57, No. 2, (May 1967), pp. 347-359. [3] Arnstein, Sherry R. ''A Ladder of Citizen Participation,'' Journal of the American Planning Association, Vol. 35, No. 4,( July 1969), pp. 216-224. [4] André Sorensen. ''Land readjustment and metropolitan growth: an examination of suburban land development and urban sprawl in the Tokyo metropolitan area,'' Progress in Planning,Vol.53, No. 4, (May 2000), pp217– 330. [5] Lian Yang, Qifeng Yuan. ''Research on Patterns of Land Integration in a Context of ‘Three-old’ Reconstruction in Pearl River Delta Region: A Case Study of Lianjiao District in Nanhai, Foshan,” Journal of Urban Planning Forum, Vol.2(March 2010),pp.14-20. [6] Arrow, Kenneth J. (2nd ed., 1963), Social Choice and Individual Values. New Haven: Yale University Press. [7] Dennis C. Mueller. ( 3rd ed.,2003) , Public Choice. Cambridge University Press. USA. [8]Yujiro Hayami, Yoshihisa Godo.（2005）, Development Economics: From the Poverty to the Wealth of Nations. Oxford University Press. USA. Keywords Case Study presented on the ISOCARP Congress 2013: Frontiers of Planning - Evolving and declining models of city planning practice   Click to open the full paper as pdf document   Click to send an email to the author(s) of this paper